Electromagnet.



C. SCOTT.

ELEGTROMAGNET.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 3o, 19oe.

961,805. l Patented June 21, 1910.

Attest: l lhventor:

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typ

t UNITED STATES PATIENT v"()IFFIC3E.

CAMPBELL sco'r'r, `or romans,

NEW Yoan, Assrenon'ro o'rrs nmv'nron contrA'NY,

oF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A comoRATI'oN or NEW JERSEY.

' Emcraomaennr.

Sp'eccation of *Letters Tate'ms.

PatentedJ une 21, 1910.

Application ledJuly 30, `1906. Serial No. 328,300.

To all -wwm 'it mag/:concern:

Be it known that I, vCAMPanLL Soo'rr, a citizen of -the United States, residing at Yonkers, in 'the county of Westchester and State of New York, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Electromagnets, of -which the following is a specification.

My' invention lrelates Ato electrically-Gonductive coils or solenoids, particularly adapted for electro-magnets, and one of its objects is the provision of eflicient, durable, and inexpensive coils or solenoids of such e. A further object of vmy invention is the provision of electrically-conductive coils or yaolenoids which shall be self-sustaining and impervious to moisture as well as insulated Other objects of the invention will appear hereinafter, the novel combinations of elements being found in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents la sectional elevation of oneform of a magnet solenoid embodying the features of my invention; Fi 2 illustrates a modified form of solenoid in which the means for A temporarily lsupporting the wires or conductors in proper posltion com rises a spirally Wound insulated tape; an Fig. 3 is a section of Fig. 2 on the line a-a.

'Obviously the coil or solenoid may be wound in any desired manner and Imade to assume any desired shape, but for the purposes of illustration, I have shown in Fig. 1"

a symmetrical solenoid comprising a s ool 1, of fibrous material, such as aper, or example. The core 2 is preferably cylindrical and hollow so that when the solenoid is completed and properly insulated, as hereinafter stated, it may be slipped over a fixed or Y movable iron plunger, or-otherwise-placed in 'Iproper relation thereto in well known ways.

comfpleted, the insulated wire 4 is Wound on,

I1n even, compact layers. The wires 'may be desired manner, but they are preferably sing'le or double, cotton or silk covered wires. If the wires are well insulated, as by. means `of two Alayers of cotton or silk, lsuch insulated wire may be wound on the spool until it isvlled to the desired amount. But if the wires or conductors 4 are single cotton covered -or lnot so well insulated, I prefer to place paper or sheets of insulation-5 5 so as to divide the coil into sections as indicated in Fig. 1. Such paper or strips lof insulation may, however, be laced between the layers longitudinally, elther between each vlayer and the next, or only between every In Figs. 2 and 3 I have illustrated. a coil' of wire oblong in shape and held in proper position by means of insulating tape 7 For vsimple magnets such as may be used in a potential switch apparatus on a controller card of :1n-elevator system, the form shown in Fig. 1 may be found suilicient. But for other purposes, as for example, to operate accelerating switches, an oblong magnet may become necessary. The insulated wires are first wound lon a fibrous spool or 4form so that the central opening of the coil will conform to `the magnet core or plunger. Then when the magnet has been impregnated with insulating material, as hereinafter explained, the solenoid will lit such plunger or core snugly.

In Fig. 2 I have illustrated an oblong solenoid placed over a'core 8 and prevented from slipping out of position by means of cotter pins 9, v9, which pass through an extension -of the pole piece. This method of position on an elevator controller rably by means of a winding fmachine,

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all interstices illed with such insulating material. yThat is, after all moisture is taken from the coils by any desired vacuum process, all the interstices of the coil are completely filled with liquid insulating material, not only as to the outer layers, the fibrous spools and insulatin' tape, but also as to the innermost layers. he insulating material found. best adapted for this urpose is any composition which will me t or become liqu1d at a high degree of temperature, and which when the heat is reduced, will dry into a solid mass impervious to moisture and of sullicient adhesive strength to firmly hold the'wires in close proxiimty to each other and thus edect a self-sustaining magnet coil. In actual practice it is found that one form of insulatin material, black in appearance, will thus ry into a solid mass and hold the convolutions and layers of the4 Wires firmly together and also attach se curely to the spool or tape, as the case may be. Furthermore, such liqluid insulating material, after it has filled al the interstices of the preliminary insulating material, and has been dried, Will be absolutely impervious to moisture. rihe di-electric strength of such impregnating material is also great so that not only may, a high voltage be applied to the finished product, but by reason of the excellent insulating quality of the material, there willbelittle leakage and consequent loss of current inthe use of the magnet. Also such impregnating material may be of such composition that it will withstand a high degree of heat if once thoroughly dried.

i have not herein shown any means `for carrying out the impregnating process as the process herein referred to is well known to the art. The important feature of my invention is the construction of a simple, efficient and inexpensive coil or solenoid for electrdmagnets, self-sustaining, impervious to moisture, and otherwise possessing a high degree of insulation to electric currents or te high voltage static discharges, or te heating.

By the use of 'the spool of fibrous material for -the winding or windings, the expense the solenoid is very much reduced, as brass or sunilarl material has' heretofore that the plunger or fixed iron core for the solenoid may be brought nearer to the windings than when a metal spool is used. The magnet will therefore be more eicient in that for a given number of ampere turns, more lines of force will be effective in coacting with the iron core to do the work required'by the magnet.

Without limiting myself to any of ythe details of construction or arrangement of parts as defined by the claims, what I desire to have protected by Letters Patent o the United States is z- .1. The combination with a coil of conducting material wound in a plurality of layers, means for electrically separating the convolutions and successive layers of said coil, means for holding the convolutions of said coil in close proximity, and insulating masulation for electrically separating the con` volutions and successive layers.of said conductor, and a body of insulating material iilling the interstices of the said convolutions and layers, and impregnating said .terial impregnating said holding means, said ibrous material and the said insulation of the conductor.

'3. The combination with a spool of fibrous material, of an electrically conductive coil wound spirally thereon in superimposed layers, i'ibrous insulation separating such layers, and a body of hard, strong, moistureproof insulation impregnating the fibrous spool and fibrous insulation and filling the interstices between the successive convolutions and the successive layers of the coil.

ll. The combination with a paper spool,of covered wire wound thereon spirally and in superimposed layers, and a moisture-proof, strong, adhesive insulation impregnating said paper spool and filling, substantially, all the interstices between the Wire and the spool, and hetween the successive convolutions and layers of the wire. y

is an arti le of manufacture, aibrous support, electricallywconductive coil Wound thereon, ibrous insulation for said In testimony whereof, I have signed my coil, and adhesive, moisture-proof nsulaname to this specification in the presence of tion impregnating said fibrous `support and two subscribing witnesses,

fibrous insulation .and filling substantially CAMPBELL SCOTT. all of the interstices between the support Witnesses: and coil and between the successive convolu- GEO. D. KLLBERRY,

tions of thecoil. A. L. BABBB. 

